What Happened the Last Time Antarctica Melted?

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The 10 Greatest Physicists in History

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Anaximander Lived c. 610 BC – c. 546 BC. Anaximander  is responsible for the idea that the earth needs nothing below it to support it. He said that the earth floats in the center of infinity, held in position because it is an equal distance from all the other parts of the universe. In doing so, he transformed the way we think of our planet and simultaneously introduced the idea of a force of attraction between the earth and the planets and stars in the heavens. “In my opinion this idea of Anaximander’s is one of the boldest, most revolutionary, and most portentous ideas in the whole history of human thought.” KARL POPPER, 1902 – 1994 Philosopher of Science   Archimedes Lived c. 287 BC – 212 BC. The greatest scientist of ancient times,  Archimedes  pushed mathematics, physics, and engineering to new heights. He created the physical sciences of mechanics and hydrostatics, discovered the laws of levers and pulleys, and discovered one of the mos...
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Why is Earth the densest planet of the solar system?

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• Among all the planets in the solar system, the Earth is the densest planet. • Although small in size, the Earth has several remarkable physical properties which make it the densest planet in the solar system. • Density is defined as the mass of a substance divided by per unit of volume. It is usually calculated using the formula p=m/v. • The unit for density measurement is kilogram per cubic metre in the SI system. Other units used for measuring density are gram per centimetre cube and pounds per cubic metre. • In simple terms, the density of a substance is the measurement of how tightly its molecules are packed. • The calculations are easy and accurate when the substance is homogenous in nature i.e. all molecules are of the same shape and size. • However, in case of substances that have a heterogeneous nature, the calculation results may not be accurate. • This is exactly the reason why it is not easy to calculate the density of the Earth. • The Earth has different layers such as th...
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Heat, temperature and Clausius inequality in a model for active Brownian particles

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Published:   21 April 2017 Umberto Marini Bettolo Marconi ,  Andrea Puglisi  &  Claudio Maggi Scientific Reports   volume 7 , Article number: 46496 (2017)  |  Download Citation An  Erratum  to this article was published on 08 June 2018 Updated online  08 June 2018 Abstract Methods of stochastic thermodynamics and hydrodynamics are applied to a recently introduced model of active particles. The model consists of an overdamped particle subject to Gaussian coloured noise. Inspired by stochastic thermodynamics, we derive from the system’s Fokker-Planck equation the average exchanges of heat and work with the active bath and the associated entropy production. We show that a Clausius inequality holds, with the local (non-uniform) temperature of the active bath replacing the uniform temperature usually encountered in equilibrium systems. Furthermore, by restricting the dynamical space to the first velocity moments of the local dis...
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